What does the study of cytology focus on?

• A. Study of cells
• B. Study of organs
• C. Study of life cycles
• D. Study of tissues

Answer: (A)

Cells are the fundamental units of life, and cytology is the study of those units—how they are built and how they work. It focuses on cell structure, including the membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and the internal organelles, and on cellular functions like energy production, protein synthesis, transport across membranes, and cell division. By examining cells under a microscope and understanding their components, cytology explains how cells carry out life processes and respond to their environment. This differs from studying tissues, which looks at groups of cells organized into tissue types, or studying organs, which focuses on larger body structures, or studying life cycles, which covers development and reproduction. So the study of cytology centers on cells.