The term for dryness of the skin is which?

• A. Rash
• B. Maceration
• C. Itching
• D. Xerosis

Answer: (D)

Xerosis is the medical term for dryness of the skin. It happens when the skin loses water and lipids, weakening the outermost layer (the stratum corneum) and compromising its barrier function. The result is a tight, rough, and flaky surface that can crack or become fissured, especially in areas of flexure or after exposure to cold, dry air or harsh soaps. This dryness can occur with aging, environmental conditions, frequent hot showers, or soaps that strip moisture.

Rash refers to a visible skin eruption with inflammation or lesions, which is not the same as simply dry skin. Maceration describes skin that has become overly moist, soft, and wrinkled from prolonged exposure to moisture. Itching is a symptom (pruritus) that can accompany dry skin but is not itself the dryness.