Fixed ribosomes are attached to which organelle, where they synthesize proteins?

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Study for the Galen Anatomy and Physiology (AandP) 1 Theory Exam 2. Gain confidence with flashcards, pinpoint areas needing focus, and strengthen understanding through detailed explanations. Excel in your exam with comprehensive preparation!

Multiple Choice

Fixed ribosomes are attached to which organelle, where they synthesize proteins?

Explanation:
Ribosomes fixed to the endoplasmic reticulum (the rough ER) synthesize proteins that are destined for secretion, insertion into membranes, or delivery to lysosomes. The ER provides a space where these proteins enter the lumen or integrate into membranes as they are made, and they can then be trafficked through the Golgi apparatus and secretory pathways. In contrast, free ribosomes in the cytosol produce soluble cytosolic proteins that function inside the cell. The Golgi apparatus itself doesn’t synthesize proteins; it modifies, sorts, and packages proteins after synthesis. Peroxisomes import enzymes that are synthesized elsewhere, not within peroxisomes. So fixed ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they synthesize proteins.

Ribosomes fixed to the endoplasmic reticulum (the rough ER) synthesize proteins that are destined for secretion, insertion into membranes, or delivery to lysosomes. The ER provides a space where these proteins enter the lumen or integrate into membranes as they are made, and they can then be trafficked through the Golgi apparatus and secretory pathways. In contrast, free ribosomes in the cytosol produce soluble cytosolic proteins that function inside the cell. The Golgi apparatus itself doesn’t synthesize proteins; it modifies, sorts, and packages proteins after synthesis. Peroxisomes import enzymes that are synthesized elsewhere, not within peroxisomes. So fixed ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, where they synthesize proteins.

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